Restarting COVID Surveillance In The UK, Just In Time For Winter
According to the media, COVID-19 continues to pose challenges worldwide, the UK is taking proactive measures to restart COVID surveillance ahead of the winter season. The announcement comes as a response to the emergence of a new variant and the need to monitor infection rates and potential threats. In this article, we will delve into the details of the plan, explore the current state of infections, discuss the latest variants, and shed light on the vaccination efforts and booster rollout. Let's dive in and understand what you need to know about the restart of COVID surveillance in the UK.
In recent months, the number of COVID-19 infections has been on the rise in the UK. According to estimates from the ZOE Health Study conducted by King's College London, over 1 million people in the UK currently have symptomatic COVID-19. This is the highest number since April 17, 2023, when approximately 1,178,340 were infected. As of September 2, there were 93,432 new daily cases across the UK, with the highest infection rate in Edinburgh, where approximately one in 10 people have the virus. However, it's important to note that testing for COVID-19 has been scaled back, making it challenging to obtain a comprehensive picture of the spread of the virus.
To gain better insights into the situation, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has announced plans to restart COVID surveillance. The weekly ONS infection survey, which provides data on the levels of the virus across the UK, was halted in March. The UKHSA is currently working on defining the surveillance strategy for the winter season, considering the increased demand on the healthcare system during this time. The aim is to monitor infection rates, hospitalizations, and the risks posed by new variants.
One of the primary concerns driving the need for increased surveillance is the emergence of new variants. The BA.2.86 variant, also known as Pirola, was first detected in the UK in mid-August. It is considered the most concerning variant since Omicron, with a high number of mutations (33 in total). The implications of these mutations on the variant's infectivity and disease-causing potential are still being studied. Dr. Bharat Pankhania, an infectious disease control expert from the University of Exeter, explained that the mutations could potentially make the variant more infectious and disease-causing, but further research is needed to confirm these effects.
Another variant of interest is EG.5, also known as EG.5.1 or Eris. Designated by the World Health Organization (WHO) in mid-August, it has been reported in 51 countries. Although there hasn't been an increase in disease severity compared to previous variants, it possesses a growth advantage and immune escape properties, meaning it can evade natural or vaccine-based immunity.
Additionally, the BA.6 variant, known as Pi, has been detected in Denmark and Israel. Similar to the previous variants, it exhibits numerous mutations, but it has not yet been given an official Greek letter name since Omicron.
To combat the rising infections and the threat of new variants, the UK has accelerated its vaccination efforts. The rollout of vaccines was brought forward due to concerns about the BA.2.86 variant. Starting from September 11, high-risk groups, including over-65s, frontline health workers, people with immunosuppression, and those in clinical risk groups, will begin receiving seasonal booster shots. It's important to note that eligibility for the booster jab is subject to strict criteria.
The booster rollout in Scotland has also commenced, with jabs for COVID and winter flu being administered. This proactive approach aims to provide an extra layer of protection to vulnerable populations and mitigate the impact of the virus during the winter season.
Monitoring hospital admissions is an essential parameter to gauge the impact of the virus. The latest figures show that the number of people in hospital with COVID-19 in England has reached a three-month high. In the week leading up to August 27, there were 3.4 admissions per 100,000 people.
The highest admission rates were among individuals aged 85 and older, with a rate of 34.2 per 100,000. However, it is too early to determine if the rise in hospitalizations is solely attributed to the new variant. Other factors, such as increased socializing, may also contribute to the increase in cases.
It's worth noting that while the current numbers are concerning, they remain significantly lower than those seen during the spring and last Christmas. The UK's vaccination efforts have played a crucial role in reducing the severity of infections and hospitalizations.